The Lausitzer Seenland (Lausitz lake district) developed as a result of and is still characterised by the impacts of former lignite mining activities. The landscape so fundamentally changed by human activity is nonetheless of great nature conservation value. Abandonment of the recultivation measures started in the former GDR has allowed large-scale development processes to take their natural course. Dumping of the soil layers that covered the lignite has revealed nutrient-poor substrates (rough soil) which have attracted many diverse and rare species. Dynamic landscapes and lack of fragmentation are among the outstanding hallmarks of this large-scale nature conservation project.

The lakes that have formed in the disused open-cast mines provide habitats for transiting, roosting and breeding aquatic birds. For species who prefer warmth and light (the tawny pipit, woodlark and the hoopoe), semi-open and open habitats are to be maintained and secured using habitat management methods. The area provides for extensive grazing using traditional livestock breeds. Also, a phased approach will be taken to turn the existing coniferous forests into near-natural mixed forests. In other sub-areas, near-natural development processes will be promoted and overseen by nature conservation experts.

The region is unique in that it is in an ongoing state of economic and environmental change. Alongside nature conservation aims, socio-economic factors will be taken into account to serve sustainable development efforts in the region. Equally important roles are played by recreation uses, nature-compatible hunting and fishing, and extensive forestry and agriculture.