Saltmarshes of the Atlantic, the Baltic, and the North Sea in its complete typical zonation from Common Saltmarsh-grass swards (natural or grazed / semi-natural), to the swards of Red fescue, Saltmarsh rush and the Sea wormwood scrub of the upper saltmarsh and to the high tide drift lines with Agropyron pycnanthum. These also include stands of the sedges Carex distans and Carex extensa or of Eleocharis uniglumis and Eleocharis palustris. An important characteristic of saltmarshes is the natural flooding by sea water (North Sea). In the Baltic, saltmarshes can also occur on i.a. peaty substrates (seasonally flooded coastal peatlands). In such sites they are the secondary outcome of the grazing of reedbeds of brackish waters etc.