2,411 adults aged 18 and over and 1,003 young people aged 14 to 17 were surveyed. The surveys were conducted from the end of October to mid-December 2023. The results presented are representative of the population in Germany and, in addition to observing changes in awareness through repeat questions, new topics of current relevance to nature conservation policy are addressed. This study focuses on natural climate protection and the restoration of ecosystems. The study is also dedicated to the topics of wilderness and water, as well as the willingness of the population to support a transformative change towards sustainable and nature-compatible ways of living and doing business, the general commitment to nature conservation, the personal relationship between people and nature, the topics of the energy transition and genetic engineering, as well as the updating of the social indicator ‘Awareness of biological diversity’.